Black pather drawing7/4/2023 They wanted to organize the black community to express their desires and needs in order to resist the racism and classism perpetuated by the system. Īfter the inception of Soul Students Advisory Council, Seale and Newton founded the group they are most identified with, the Black Panther Party. "The goal was to develop a college campus group that would help develop leadership to go back to the black community and serve the black community in a revolutionary fashion". The group was organized to operate through "ultra-democracy," defined as individualism manifesting itself as an aversion to discipline. Prior to starting the Black Panther Party, Seale and Newton created a group known as the Soul Students Advisory Council. The two joined together in October 1966 to create the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, which adopted the late activist's slogan "freedom by any means necessary" as their own. Newton were strongly inspired by the teachings of activist Malcolm X, who had been assassinated in 1965. Activism and Leadership Black Panthers īobby Seale and Huey P. Seale married Artie Seale, and they had a son, Malik Nkrumah Stagolee Seale. While working in the program, Seale met Bobby Hutton, who later became the first recruited member of the Black Panther Party. Seale's objective was to teach the youth in the program Black American History and also encourage their responsibility toward the people in their communities. In June 1966, Seale began working at the North Oakland Neighborhood Anti-Poverty Center in its summer youth program. "I wanted to be an engineer when I went to college, but I got shifted right away since I became interested in American Black History and trying to solve some of the problems." Through the AAA group, Seale met Huey P. While at college, Bobby Seale joined the Afro-American Association (AAA), a group on the campus devoted to self-education about African and African-American history, along with conversations about philosophy, religion, economics, and politics, including aspects of black separatism. After earning his high school diploma, Seale attended Merritt Community College where he studied engineering and politics until 1962. I was a top-flight sheet-metal mechanic". "I worked in every major aircraft plant and aircraft corporation, even those with government contracts. Seale subsequently worked as a sheet metal mechanic for various aerospace plants while studying for his high school diploma at night. Three years later, a court martial convicted him of fighting with a commanding officer at Ellsworth Air Force Base in South Dakota, resulting in a bad conduct discharge. Seale attended Berkeley High School, then dropped out in 1955 and joined the United States Air Force. After moving around Texas, first to Dallas, then to San Antonio, and Port Arthur, Seale's family relocated to Codornices Village in Berkeley, California, during the Great Migration when he was eight years old. The Seale family lived in poverty during most of his early life. Newton, and Power to the People: The World of the Black Panthers (with Stephen Shames).īobby Seale was born in Liberty, Texas, to George Seale, a carpenter, and Thelma Seale (née Traylor), a homemaker. Seale's books include A Lonely Rage: The Autobiography of Bobby Seale, Seize the Time: The Story of the Black Panther Party and Huey P. The jury was unable to reach a verdict in Seale's trial, and the charges were eventually dropped. Panther George Sams, Jr., testified that Seale had ordered him to kill Rackley. In 1970, while in prison, Seale was charged and tried as part of the New Haven Black Panther trials over the torture and murder of Alex Rackley, whom the Black Panther Party had suspected of being a police informer. The contempt sentence was reversed on appeal. Though he was never convicted in the case, Seale was sentenced by Judge Hoffman to four years for criminal contempt of court. After his case was severed, the government declined to retry him on the conspiracy charges. Seale's case was severed from the other defendants, turning the "Chicago Eight" into the "Chicago Seven". Seale's appearance in the trial was widely publicized and Seale was bound and gagged for his appearances in court more than a month into the trial for what Judge Julius Hoffman said were disruptions. Seale was one of the eight people charged by the US federal government with conspiracy charges related to anti- Vietnam War protests in Chicago, Illinois, during the 1968 Democratic National Convention. Founded as the "Black Panther Party for Self-Defense", the Party's main practice was monitoring police activities and challenging police brutality in Black communities, first in Oakland, California, and later in cities throughout the United States. Seale is widely known for co-founding the Black Panther Party with fellow activist Huey P. Robert George Seale (born Octo) is an American engineer, political activist and author.
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